Teotitlan-Style Black Mole

Preparation The day before beginning the sauce, remove the stems and tops from the chiles; carefully shake out and reserve the seeds. Rinse the chiles under cold running water. Spread them out in a single layer where they can dry completely. Let stand until the following day, turning occasionally and checking to be sure not a drop of moisture remains. Crush the bread to fine crumbs or grind in a food processor. You should have about 1 cup. Set aside. Preheat oven to 350° F. Spread the chiles (they must be bone-dry) in one layer on a baking sheet. Toast them in the oven, turning frequently, until crisp and deeply blackened, about 20 minutes. Let the chiles stand at room temperature until completely cooled. Spread the pecans and almonds on a baking sheet. Toast them in the oven until golden brown, about 10 minutes. Set aside. Place the crisp toasted chiles in a food processor and process until finely ground. Set aside. On a griddle or in a small cast-iron skillet, heat the reserved chile seeds over high heat, shaking the pan occasionally, until thoroughly charred and black on all sides, about 5 minutes. (Because of the fumes, this is best done outdoors if you have the means.) You can speed the process by sprinkling a few drops of vegetable oil over the seeds and igniting with a match, standing well back from the flame and taking care to shield your face, clothing, and hair. Place the charred seeds in a bowl, cover with at least 2 cups cold water, and soak for 1 1/2 hours, changing the water twice. Drain and set aside. Heat a griddle or medium-size cast-iron skillet over low heat. If using 1 large onion, cut it in half crosswise (leaving the skin on). Place the onion, individual unpeeled garlic cloves, tomato (stem side down), and tomatillos (in the husks) on the griddle. Cook, turning frequently. The onion and garlic are done when they are somewhat softened, about 8 minutes for the garlic and 20 to 25 minutes for the onion. The tomato is done when the skin is blackened and blistered all over, about 15 to 20 minutes. The tomatillos are done when they are lightly softened all over, about 10 to 15 minutes. (Handle them delicately so as not to squeeze them and pierce the skin, and turn frequently to avoid scorching.) Remove each kind of vegetable as it is done and set it aside in a separate small bowl. When the vegetables are cool enough to handle, remove the husks from the tomatillos and peel the rest, making sure to save the juices. If using a large onion cut in half, scrape the black bits off the cut side. Place the sesame seeds in a medium-size heavy skillet over medium heat and toast just until golden (about 3 minutes), stirring constantly and shaking the pan. Immediately scrape out the seeds into a small bowl to stop the cooking. Set aside. In a small, heavy skillet, heat 1 tablespoon lard over medium-high heat until rippling. Add the canela, thyme, oregano, cloves, allspice, nutmeg and ginger. Fry the spices, stirring constantly, until fragrant, about 2 minutes. Set aside. In a small skillet, heat another 2 tablespoons lard over medium heat until rippling. Add the raisins and bread crumbs; cook, stirring, until the raisins are puffed and the bread is lightly colored, about 2 minutes. Set aside. Now you are ready to purée all the ingredients, using either a blender/food processor combination or a blender alone. If using both machines, place the pecans, almonds, sesame seeds, bread-raisin mixture, ground chiles, and drained chile seeds in the food processor (working in batches as necessary). Process to a smooth purée. Next, place the fried spices, peeled garlic, onion, tomatoes, and tomatillos in the blender and process to a smooth purée. Combine the two mixtures in a large bowl. If using only a blender, line up all the prepared ingredients next to the machine on the counter, place some of each in the blender container, add a few tablespoons chicken stock, and process until smooth, adding more stock as necessary to facilitate blending. (This method requires great patience; small batches will be well puréed in 1 to 2 minutes while large ones may retain coarse bits of the spices. If thoroughly processed, the mixture will not require sieving, so try not to rush things.) Pour each batch into a bowl as it is done and proceed with the next batch. In a large, heavy saucepan or Dutch oven, heat the remaining 4 tablespoons lard over high heat until rippling. Add the purée, all at once, watching for splatters, and reduce the heat to medium-low. Cover and cook, stirring frequently, until the harshness of the chiles is mellowed, 35 to 40 minutes. The mole should now be a heavy paste like a thick frosting mixture. It can be stored in the refrigerator for at least 4 to 6 days, or in the freezer for up to 6 months. In either case, it should be thinned before further cooking. Place the paste in the blender when ready to thin it; add 1 cup chicken stock (or as necessary) and process to combine thoroughly. Chef Zarela Martinez shares her tips with Epicurious:•Ancho chiles — large, wrinkled, reddish-brown dried poblanos — add body and a chocolately flavor to many moles. They range from mild to hot. Guajillos are large, dark-red, dried chiles with a nutty flavor and not too much heat. Both varieties are available at www.kitchenmarket.com/. Four ounces will equal about eight to ten chiles. •Oaxacan lard has a distinctive, nutty taste and semi-liquid consistency that are a far cry from the fluffy, hydrogenated commercial products available in the U.S. According to Martinez, lard made at small Latin American or Eastern European butcher shops makes a decent substitute, but rendering it yourself will produce the best results. To home-render lard, start with 3 pounds fresh (not salted or smoked) pork fat, cut into 1/2-inch dice (chilling or partially freezing the fat will make this task less messy). Place the fat in a large, deep roasting pan or shallow Dutch oven with thick sides, taking care not to crowd the pieces together. Cook over low heat, stirring often, 20 to 30 minutes, until the fat is partially rendered and the diced pieces are somewhat crisp but not completely cooked. Remove the pan from the heat and let cool slightly. Pour off the clear liquid into a tall, narrow container and set aside the cracklings and any grainy residue. The residue, called asiento, makes a delicious spread on tortillas. The cracklings can be further rendered to produce a second batch of nuttier lard. (For more information, consult Martinez's web site, www.zarela.com.) You should have about 3 cups of clear, pale-tan lard. Refrigerate until solid, cover tightly, and store up to a week in the refrigerator or indefinitely in the freezer. •Canela, also called true, Mexican, Ceylon, or Sri Lanka cinnamon, is a less pungent variety than the cassia cinnamon commonly used in the U.S.. It's available at www.adrianascaravan.com. •Mexican oregano has a more assertive flavor than the Mediterranean oregano common in the U.S.. Mexican oregano is sold in Latin American groceries and in many supermarkets under the McCormick brand. Oaxacan oregano, which will add an authentic grassy, lemony flavor, has larger leaves and can sometimes be found in farmers' markets. •A note on tools: In Mexico, ingredients would be toasted on a clay implement called a comal, which imparts the perfect seared flavor. A large, heavy griddle or skillet, ideally cast iron, makes a good substitute, but Martinez warns against those with nonstick coatings, which may peel over high heat. The traditional tool for crushing, grinding, mashing, and puréeing is a molcajete (mortar). Most Oaxacan cooks now use a blender to achieve similar results. A food processor is also handy for chopping some ingredients and will cut down on the number of batches you'll have to do in the blender, but the food processor alone cannot be used for everything or the mole will have the wrong texture. •Click here for a recipe for chicken stock. If you prefer not to make your own, Martinez recommends the brands College Inn or Kitchen Basics. The Food and Life of Oaxaca

Preparation The day before beginning the sauce, remove the stems and tops from the chiles; carefully shake out and reserve the seeds. Rinse the chiles under cold running water. Spread them out in a single layer where they can dry completely. Let stand until the following day, turning occasionally and checking to be sure not a drop of moisture remains. Crush the bread to fine crumbs or grind in a food processor. You should have about 1 cup. Set aside. Preheat oven to 350° F. Spread the chiles (they must be bone-dry) in one layer on a baking sheet. Toast them in the oven, turning frequently, until crisp and deeply blackened, about 20 minutes. Let the chiles stand at room temperature until completely cooled. Spread the pecans and almonds on a baking sheet. Toast them in the oven until golden brown, about 10 minutes. Set aside. Place the crisp toasted chiles in a food processor and process until finely ground. Set aside. On a griddle or in a small cast-iron skillet, heat the reserved chile seeds over high heat, shaking the pan occasionally, until thoroughly charred and black on all sides, about 5 minutes. (Because of the fumes, this is best done outdoors if you have the means.) You can speed the process by sprinkling a few drops of vegetable oil over the seeds and igniting with a match, standing well back from the flame and taking care to shield your face, clothing, and hair. Place the charred seeds in a bowl, cover with at least 2 cups cold water, and soak for 1 1/2 hours, changing the water twice. Drain and set aside. Heat a griddle or medium-size cast-iron skillet over low heat. If using 1 large onion, cut it in half crosswise (leaving the skin on). Place the onion, individual unpeeled garlic cloves, tomato (stem side down), and tomatillos (in the husks) on the griddle. Cook, turning frequently. The onion and garlic are done when they are somewhat softened, about 8 minutes for the garlic and 20 to 25 minutes for the onion. The tomato is done when the skin is blackened and blistered all over, about 15 to 20 minutes. The tomatillos are done when they are lightly softened all over, about 10 to 15 minutes. (Handle them delicately so as not to squeeze them and pierce the skin, and turn frequently to avoid scorching.) Remove each kind of vegetable as it is done and set it aside in a separate small bowl. When the vegetables are cool enough to handle, remove the husks from the tomatillos and peel the rest, making sure to save the juices. If using a large onion cut in half, scrape the black bits off the cut side. Place the sesame seeds in a medium-size heavy skillet over medium heat and toast just until golden (about 3 minutes), stirring constantly and shaking the pan. Immediately scrape out the seeds into a small bowl to stop the cooking. Set aside. In a small, heavy skillet, heat 1 tablespoon lard over medium-high heat until rippling. Add the canela, thyme, oregano, cloves, allspice, nutmeg and ginger. Fry the spices, stirring constantly, until fragrant, about 2 minutes. Set aside. In a small skillet, heat another 2 tablespoons lard over medium heat until rippling. Add the raisins and bread crumbs; cook, stirring, until the raisins are puffed and the bread is lightly colored, about 2 minutes. Set aside. Now you are ready to purée all the ingredients, using either a blender/food processor combination or a blender alone. If using both machines, place the pecans, almonds, sesame seeds, bread-raisin mixture, ground chiles, and drained chile seeds in the food processor (working in batches as necessary). Process to a smooth purée. Next, place the fried spices, peeled garlic, onion, tomatoes, and tomatillos in the blender and process to a smooth purée. Combine the two mixtures in a large bowl. If using only a blender, line up all the prepared ingredients next to the machine on the counter, place some of each in the blender container, add a few tablespoons chicken stock, and process until smooth, adding more stock as necessary to facilitate blending. (This method requires great patience; small batches will be well puréed in 1 to 2 minutes while large ones may retain coarse bits of the spices. If thoroughly processed, the mixture will not require sieving, so try not to rush things.) Pour each batch into a bowl as it is done and proceed with the next batch. In a large, heavy saucepan or Dutch oven, heat the remaining 4 tablespoons lard over high heat until rippling. Add the purée, all at once, watching for splatters, and reduce the heat to medium-low. Cover and cook, stirring frequently, until the harshness of the chiles is mellowed, 35 to 40 minutes. The mole should now be a heavy paste like a thick frosting mixture. It can be stored in the refrigerator for at least 4 to 6 days, or in the freezer for up to 6 months. In either case, it should be thinned before further cooking. Place the paste in the blender when ready to thin it; add 1 cup chicken stock (or as necessary) and process to combine thoroughly. Chef Zarela Martinez shares her tips with Epicurious:•Ancho chiles — large, wrinkled, reddish-brown dried poblanos — add body and a chocolately flavor to many moles. They range from mild to hot. Guajillos are large, dark-red, dried chiles with a nutty flavor and not too much heat. Both varieties are available at www.kitchenmarket.com/. Four ounces will equal about eight to ten chiles. •Oaxacan lard has a distinctive, nutty taste and semi-liquid consistency that are a far cry from the fluffy, hydrogenated commercial products available in the U.S. According to Martinez, lard made at small Latin American or Eastern European butcher shops makes a decent substitute, but rendering it yourself will produce the best results. To home-render lard, start with 3 pounds fresh (not salted or smoked) pork fat, cut into 1/2-inch dice (chilling or partially freezing the fat will make this task less messy). Place the fat in a large, deep roasting pan or shallow Dutch oven with thick sides, taking care not to crowd the pieces together. Cook over low heat, stirring often, 20 to 30 minutes, until the fat is partially rendered and the diced pieces are somewhat crisp but not completely cooked. Remove the pan from the heat and let cool slightly. Pour off the clear liquid into a tall, narrow container and set aside the cracklings and any grainy residue. The residue, called asiento, makes a delicious spread on tortillas. The cracklings can be further rendered to produce a second batch of nuttier lard. (For more information, consult Martinez's web site, www.zarela.com.) You should have about 3 cups of clear, pale-tan lard. Refrigerate until solid, cover tightly, and store up to a week in the refrigerator or indefinitely in the freezer. •Canela, also called true, Mexican, Ceylon, or Sri Lanka cinnamon, is a less pungent variety than the cassia cinnamon commonly used in the U.S.. It's available at www.adrianascaravan.com. •Mexican oregano has a more assertive flavor than the Mediterranean oregano common in the U.S.. Mexican oregano is sold in Latin American groceries and in many supermarkets under the McCormick brand. Oaxacan oregano, which will add an authentic grassy, lemony flavor, has larger leaves and can sometimes be found in farmers' markets. •A note on tools: In Mexico, ingredients would be toasted on a clay implement called a comal, which imparts the perfect seared flavor. A large, heavy griddle or skillet, ideally cast iron, makes a good substitute, but Martinez warns against those with nonstick coatings, which may peel over high heat. The traditional tool for crushing, grinding, mashing, and puréeing is a molcajete (mortar). Most Oaxacan cooks now use a blender to achieve similar results. A food processor is also handy for chopping some ingredients and will cut down on the number of batches you'll have to do in the blender, but the food processor alone cannot be used for everything or the mole will have the wrong texture. •Click here for a recipe for chicken stock. If you prefer not to make your own, Martinez recommends the brands College Inn or Kitchen Basics. The Food and Life of Oaxaca